Codeforces Round 915 (Div. 2) |
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Finished |
Given is a string $$$s$$$ of length $$$n$$$. In one operation you can select the lexicographically largest$$$^\dagger$$$ subsequence of string $$$s$$$ and cyclic shift it to the right$$$^\ddagger$$$.
Your task is to calculate the minimum number of operations it would take for $$$s$$$ to become sorted, or report that it never reaches a sorted state.
$$$^\dagger$$$A string $$$a$$$ is lexicographically smaller than a string $$$b$$$ if and only if one of the following holds:
$$$^\ddagger$$$By cyclic shifting the string $$$t_1t_2\ldots t_m$$$ to the right, we get the string $$$t_mt_1\ldots t_{m-1}$$$.
Each test consists of multiple test cases. The first line contains a single integer $$$t$$$ ($$$1 \le t \le 10^4$$$) — the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows.
The first line of each test case contains a single integer $$$n$$$ ($$$1 \le n \le 2 \cdot 10^5$$$) — the length of the string $$$s$$$.
The second line of each test case contains a single string $$$s$$$ of length $$$n$$$, consisting of lowercase English letters.
It is guaranteed that sum of $$$n$$$ over all test cases does not exceed $$$2 \cdot 10^5$$$.
For each test case, output a single integer — the minimum number of operations required to make $$$s$$$ sorted, or $$$-1$$$ if it's impossible.
65aaabc3acb3bac4zbca15czddeneeeemigec13cdefmopqsvxzz
0 1 -1 2 6 0
In the first test case, the string $$$s$$$ is already sorted, so we need no operations.
In the second test case, doing one operation, we will select cb and cyclic shift it. The string $$$s$$$ is now abc which is sorted.
In the third test case, $$$s$$$ cannot be sorted.
In the fourth test case we will perform the following operations:
Thus, we need $$$2$$$ operations.
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