Codeforces Round 941 (Div. 1) |
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Finished |
You are given two integers $$$n$$$ and $$$k$$$. Find a sequence $$$a$$$ of non-negative integers of size at most $$$25$$$ such that the following conditions hold.
A sequence $$$b$$$ is a subsequence of $$$a$$$ if $$$b$$$ can be obtained from $$$a$$$ by the deletion of several (possibly, zero or all) elements, without changing the order of the remaining elements. For example, $$$[5, 2, 3]$$$ is a subsequence of $$$[1, 5, 7, 8, 2, 4, 3]$$$.
It can be shown that under the given constraints, a solution always exists.
The first line of the input contains a single integer $$$t$$$ ($$$1 \le t \le 1000$$$) — the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows.
Each test case consists of a single line containing two integers $$$n$$$ and $$$k$$$ ($$$2 \le n \le 10^6$$$, $$$1 \le k \le n$$$) — the parameters described above.
It is guaranteed that the sum of $$$n$$$ over all test cases does not exceed $$$10^7$$$.
The first line of output for each test case should contain a single integer $$$m$$$ ($$$1 \le m \le 25$$$) — the size of your chosen sequence.
The second line of output for each test case should contain $$$m$$$ integers $$$a_i$$$ ($$$0 \le a_i \le 10^9$$$) — the elements of your chosen sequence.
If there are multiple solutions, print any.
52 26 18 89 310 7
1 1 5 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 7 1 4 1 4 1 2 8 3
In the first example, we just need a subsequence that adds up to $$$1$$$, but not one that adds up to $$$2$$$. So the array $$$a=[1]$$$ suffices.
In the second example, all elements are greater than $$$k=1$$$, so no subsequence adds up to $$$1$$$. Every other integer between $$$1$$$ and $$$n$$$ is present in the array, so there is a subsequence of size $$$1$$$ adding up to each of those numbers.
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