// not my code
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;


void solve()
{
    int k,i, j, q, x, y;
    int h, p;
    cin >> h >> p;
    auto MS = [&] (int n)
    {
        int i = 0;
        while(n)
        {
            i++;
            n >>= 1;
        }
        i--;
        return i;
    };
    int ms = MS(p)+1;
    if(h <= ms)
    {
        cout<<h;
    }
    else
    {
        int ans = ms+((1<< h)-1 &mdash; ((1<<ms)-1)+p-1)/p;
        cout<<ans;
    }
    cout<<'\n';
}
int main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(0), cin.tie(0), cout.tie(0);;
    int t=1;
    cin>>t;
    while(t--)
    {
      solve();

    }
    return 0;
}