In C++, competitive programmers often use:↵
↵
~~~~~↵
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE↵
freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);↵
freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);↵
#endif↵
~~~~~↵
↵
This handy trick allows you to redirect input and output to files, making it easier to run code with sample test cases by copying the input once and executing the program as many times as needed. However, if you want to automatically check whether the output matches expected results, you typically need to rely on external plugins or scripts.↵
↵
In contrast, Rust offers built-in testing features that make this process much simpler. With Rust’s testing framework, you can easily define test cases that include both input and expected output. By using "cargo test", the program will automatically run the test cases, compare the actual output to the expected output, and let you know if everything matches — all without needing extra tools or manual file handling.↵
↵
Given below is a Rust template that leverages these built-in features to automate pretests. With this template, you can quickly run multiple test cases without needing to copy input each time. The entire process becomes as simple as running **cargo test**, saving you time and effort.↵
↵
#### Template:-↵
↵
↵
~~~~~↵
#[cfg(test)]↵
mod tests {↵
use regex::Regex;↵
use std::io::Write;↵
use std::process::{Command, Stdio};↵
↵
fn run_with_input(input: &str) -> String {↵
// Simulate stdin by creating a pipe to the child process↵
let mut child = Command::new("cargo")↵
.arg("run")↵
.stdin(Stdio::piped())↵
.stdout(Stdio::piped())↵
.spawn()↵
.expect("Failed to start the process");↵
↵
{↵
// Write input to stdin↵
let stdin = child.stdin.as_mut().expect("Failed to open stdin");↵
stdin↵
.write_all(input.as_bytes())↵
.expect("Failed to write to stdin");↵
}↵
↵
// Capture the output from stdout↵
let output = child.wait_with_output().expect("Failed to read stdout");↵
String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).to_string()↵
}↵
↵
fn remove_spaces_around_newlines(s: &str) -> String {↵
let re = Regex::new(r" *\n *").unwrap();↵
re.replace_all(s, "\n").into_owned() // Ensure it returns a String↵
}↵
↵
#[test]↵
fn test_case_1() {↵
let input = "↵
// input for test1↵
";↵
let expected_output = "↵
// output of test1↵
";↵
let actual_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(&run_with_input(input));↵
let expected_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(expected_output);↵
assert_eq!(actual_output.trim(), expected_output.trim());↵
}↵
#[test]↵
fn test_case_2() {↵
let input = "↵
// input for test2↵
";↵
let expected_output = "↵
// output of test2↵
";↵
let actual_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(&run_with_input(input));↵
let expected_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(expected_output);↵
assert_eq!(actual_output.trim(), expected_output.trim());↵
}↵
}↵
~~~~~↵
Note:- You also need to install the library 'regex' using the command **cargo add regex**↵
↵
↵
#### Example use:-↵
↵
↵
~~~~~↵
#[allow(unused_imports)]↵
use std::collections::*;↵
#[allow(unused_imports)]↵
use std::io::{stdin, stdout, BufWriter, Write};↵
↵
#[derive(Default)]↵
struct Scanner {↵
buffer: Vec<String>,↵
}↵
impl Scanner {↵
fn next<T: std::str::FromStr>(&mut self) -> T {↵
loop {↵
if let Some(token) = self.buffer.pop() {↵
return token.parse().ok().expect("Failed parse");↵
}↵
let mut input = String::new();↵
stdin().read_line(&mut input).expect("Failed read");↵
self.buffer = input.split_whitespace().rev().map(String::from).collect();↵
}↵
}↵
}↵
↵
#[allow(unused_must_use)]↵
pub fn main() {↵
let mut input = Scanner::default();↵
let out = &mut BufWriter::new(stdout());↵
↵
for _ in 0..input.next() {↵
let n: usize = input.next();↵
let v: Vec<i32> = (0..n).map(|_| input.next()).collect();↵
writeln!(out,"{}",v.iter().map(|x| x.to_string()).collect::<Vec<String>>().join(" "));↵
}↵
}↵
↵
#[cfg(test)]↵
mod tests {↵
use regex::Regex;↵
use std::io::Write;↵
use std::process::{Command, Stdio};↵
↵
fn run_with_input(input: &str) -> String {↵
// Simulate stdin by creating a pipe to the child process↵
let mut child = Command::new("cargo")↵
.arg("run")↵
.stdin(Stdio::piped())↵
.stdout(Stdio::piped())↵
.spawn()↵
.expect("Failed to start the process");↵
↵
{↵
// Write input to stdin↵
let stdin = child.stdin.as_mut().expect("Failed to open stdin");↵
stdin↵
.write_all(input.as_bytes())↵
.expect("Failed to write to stdin");↵
}↵
↵
// Capture the output from stdout↵
let output = child.wait_with_output().expect("Failed to read stdout");↵
String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).to_string()↵
}↵
↵
fn remove_spaces_around_newlines(s: &str) -> String {↵
let re = Regex::new(r" *\n *").unwrap();↵
re.replace_all(s, "\n").into_owned() // Ensure it returns a String↵
}↵
↵
#[test]↵
fn test_case_1() {↵
let input = "↵
2↵
3↵
1 2 3↵
5↵
6 3 1 6 3↵
";↵
let expected_output = "↵
1 2 3↵
6 3 1 6 3↵
";↵
let actual_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(&run_with_input(input));↵
let expected_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(expected_output);↵
assert_eq!(actual_output.trim(), expected_output.trim());↵
}↵
#[test]↵
fn test_case_2() {↵
let input = "↵
1↵
2↵
5 9↵
";↵
let expected_output = "↵
7 9↵
";↵
let actual_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(&run_with_input(input));↵
let expected_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(expected_output);↵
assert_eq!(actual_output.trim(), expected_output.trim());↵
}↵
}↵
~~~~~↵
↵
↵
↵
~~~~~↵
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE↵
freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);↵
freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);↵
#endif↵
~~~~~↵
↵
This handy trick allows you to redirect input and output to files, making it easier to run code with sample test cases by copying the input once and executing the program as many times as needed. However, if you want to automatically check whether the output matches expected results, you typically need to rely on external plugins or scripts.↵
↵
In contrast, Rust offers built-in testing features that make this process much simpler. With Rust’s testing framework, you can easily define test cases that include both input and expected output. By using "cargo test", the program will automatically run the test cases, compare the actual output to the expected output, and let you know if everything matches — all without needing extra tools or manual file handling.↵
↵
Given below is a Rust template that leverages these built-in features to automate pretests. With this template, you can quickly run multiple test cases without needing to copy input each time. The entire process becomes as simple as running **cargo test**, saving you time and effort.↵
↵
#### Template:-↵
↵
↵
~~~~~↵
#[cfg(test)]↵
mod tests {↵
use regex::Regex;↵
use std::io::Write;↵
use std::process::{Command, Stdio};↵
↵
fn run_with_input(input: &str) -> String {↵
// Simulate stdin by creating a pipe to the child process↵
let mut child = Command::new("cargo")↵
.arg("run")↵
.stdin(Stdio::piped())↵
.stdout(Stdio::piped())↵
.spawn()↵
.expect("Failed to start the process");↵
↵
{↵
// Write input to stdin↵
let stdin = child.stdin.as_mut().expect("Failed to open stdin");↵
stdin↵
.write_all(input.as_bytes())↵
.expect("Failed to write to stdin");↵
}↵
↵
// Capture the output from stdout↵
let output = child.wait_with_output().expect("Failed to read stdout");↵
String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).to_string()↵
}↵
↵
fn remove_spaces_around_newlines(s: &str) -> String {↵
let re = Regex::new(r" *\n *").unwrap();↵
re.replace_all(s, "\n").into_owned() // Ensure it returns a String↵
}↵
↵
#[test]↵
fn test_case_1() {↵
let input = "↵
// input for test1↵
";↵
let expected_output = "↵
// output of test1↵
";↵
let actual_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(&run_with_input(input));↵
let expected_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(expected_output);↵
assert_eq!(actual_output.trim(), expected_output.trim());↵
}↵
#[test]↵
fn test_case_2() {↵
let input = "↵
// input for test2↵
";↵
let expected_output = "↵
// output of test2↵
";↵
let actual_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(&run_with_input(input));↵
let expected_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(expected_output);↵
assert_eq!(actual_output.trim(), expected_output.trim());↵
}↵
}↵
~~~~~↵
Note:- You also need to install the library 'regex' using the command **cargo add regex**↵
↵
↵
#### Example use:-↵
↵
↵
~~~~~↵
#[allow(unused_imports)]↵
use std::collections::*;↵
#[allow(unused_imports)]↵
use std::io::{stdin, stdout, BufWriter, Write};↵
↵
#[derive(Default)]↵
struct Scanner {↵
buffer: Vec<String>,↵
}↵
impl Scanner {↵
fn next<T: std::str::FromStr>(&mut self) -> T {↵
loop {↵
if let Some(token) = self.buffer.pop() {↵
return token.parse().ok().expect("Failed parse");↵
}↵
let mut input = String::new();↵
stdin().read_line(&mut input).expect("Failed read");↵
self.buffer = input.split_whitespace().rev().map(String::from).collect();↵
}↵
}↵
}↵
↵
#[allow(unused_must_use)]↵
pub fn main() {↵
let mut input = Scanner::default();↵
let out = &mut BufWriter::new(stdout());↵
↵
for _ in 0..input.next() {↵
let n: usize = input.next();↵
let v: Vec<i32> = (0..n).map(|_| input.next()).collect();↵
writeln!(out,"{}",v.iter().map(|x| x.to_string()).collect::<Vec<String>>().join(" "));↵
}↵
}↵
↵
#[cfg(test)]↵
mod tests {↵
use regex::Regex;↵
use std::io::Write;↵
use std::process::{Command, Stdio};↵
↵
fn run_with_input(input: &str) -> String {↵
// Simulate stdin by creating a pipe to the child process↵
let mut child = Command::new("cargo")↵
.arg("run")↵
.stdin(Stdio::piped())↵
.stdout(Stdio::piped())↵
.spawn()↵
.expect("Failed to start the process");↵
↵
{↵
// Write input to stdin↵
let stdin = child.stdin.as_mut().expect("Failed to open stdin");↵
stdin↵
.write_all(input.as_bytes())↵
.expect("Failed to write to stdin");↵
}↵
↵
// Capture the output from stdout↵
let output = child.wait_with_output().expect("Failed to read stdout");↵
String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).to_string()↵
}↵
↵
fn remove_spaces_around_newlines(s: &str) -> String {↵
let re = Regex::new(r" *\n *").unwrap();↵
re.replace_all(s, "\n").into_owned() // Ensure it returns a String↵
}↵
↵
#[test]↵
fn test_case_1() {↵
let input = "↵
2↵
3↵
1 2 3↵
5↵
6 3 1 6 3↵
";↵
let expected_output = "↵
1 2 3↵
6 3 1 6 3↵
";↵
let actual_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(&run_with_input(input));↵
let expected_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(expected_output);↵
assert_eq!(actual_output.trim(), expected_output.trim());↵
}↵
#[test]↵
fn test_case_2() {↵
let input = "↵
1↵
2↵
5 9↵
";↵
let expected_output = "↵
7 9↵
";↵
let actual_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(&run_with_input(input));↵
let expected_output = remove_spaces_around_newlines(expected_output);↵
assert_eq!(actual_output.trim(), expected_output.trim());↵
}↵
}↵
~~~~~↵
↵
↵
