I haven't found neither the solution nor the statement of the problem, so I will share it.
The statement:
Given an odd prime integer $$$n\ge 3$$$, consider the binary array of length $$$n$$$ where the first element is one and all other are zeros. What is the total number of different arrays can be obtained by applying the following operation any number of times: let $$$a$$$ be the current array and let $$$b$$$ be the binary array of length $$$n$$$ such that for $$$1\le i\le n$$$ $$$b[i]=a[i] \oplus a[i \mod n+1]$$$, then the operation is — replace the current array $$$a$$$ with $$$b$$$, i.e cyclically shift the array by one to the left and XOR it with itself.
The somewhat similar statement has the problem 1848F - Вика и вики, but in this case we are given $$$n=2^i$$$ for some $$$i$$$ which simplifies the problem.
The partial solution:
So I want to know, is it a well-known problem and why the assumption about the answer being
is wrong for $$$n=37$$$.