So I made this listing for topic wise coding resources. It is open sourced here Thought of sharing it here too!

Awesome Competitive Coding

A Curated list of Topic wise Theory and Questions to Get You Started On Competitive Coding.

Inspired by the awesome list thing. You might also like to read complete awesome-list.

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Topics

• Binary and Ternary Search
• Dynamic Programming
• Flow
• Game Theory
• Graphs
• Greedy
• Maths
• Matrix Exponentiation
• Miscellaneous
• Prefix and Suffix Trees
• Segment Trees
• Trees

Binary and Ternary Search

--- Binary Search : The process of exploiting the property of an array of being sorted to arrive at answers of questions in non linear time.

Ternary Search : The process of exploiting the property of a function having double diffrential of a constant sign to arrive to results in non linear time.

• Theory

- Hackerearth — Power of Binary search by Aman Goel (Easy). - Topcoder — Binary Search by lovro (Hard). - Ternary Search — Blog Post on Ternary Search.

• Questions on

- Codeforces - A2oj - Codechef

Dynamic Programming

--- Used to solve questions which can be broken down into smaller sub problems.It involves the technique of saving the result of a problem for future reference.

• Theory

- Topcoder — Dynamic Programming from Novice to Advanced. - Codechef — Tutorial on Dynamic Programming.

• Questions on

- Hackerrank - spoj - More Problems on SPOJ - A2oj - Codeforces

Flow

• Theory

- Topcoder — Max Flow Part 1 - Topcoder — Max Flow Part 2

• Questions

- spoj - A2oj

Game Theory

--- Used to solve problems involving mathematical modelling of conflict and cooperation among rational players.

• Theory

  • Stanford — PDF on Combinatorial Games.
  • Wikipedia — Introduction to Nim Games.
  • Book — Composite Mathematical Games.
  • Book — Game Theory By Thomas S. Ferguson.
  • Wikipedia — Sprague Grundy Theorem.
  • Topcoder — Introduction to Algorithmic Games.

• Questions on

  • A2oj

Graphs

--- A graph consists of nodes and the interconnection between them.The problems involve finding shortest distance, connectivity and flow.

• Theory

- Topcoder - Identifying a graph on Topcoder - Searching in a Graph - Path Algorithms - Codeforces — Important Graph Algorithms by PrinceOfPersia - Codechef — Tutorial on Graph Theory — part 1

• Questions on

- Codeforces - Codechef - A2oj

Greedy

--- Greedy problems involve solving a problem statement considering the most greedy, i.e. most optimal solution at the given time without taking into consideration the future effects of it.

• Theory

- Topcoder — Greedy is Good. - Stackoverflow. — Tutorial on how to spot a greedy algorithm. - Hackerearth — Tutorial on greedy algorithms by Akash Sharma.

• Questions on

- Codeforces - A2oj

Maths

--- Problem related to mathematics are quite common in the domain of competitive programming.It involved topics like geometry, algebra, discrete mathematics and probability.

• Theory

- Stanford — Stanford's Guide on Introduction To Competitive Programming. - Aduni — Course Guide to Discrete Mathematics. - Topcoder — Understanding Probability.

• Questions on

- A2oj - Codechef — Basic - Codechef — Advanced

Matrix Exponentiation

--- Used to solve problems which involve finding a solution to a given series by using exponentiation property on multiplication of matrices.The complexity is thus reduced to logrithmic from linear.

• Theory

- zobayer — Introduction to Matrix exponentiations - Quora — Solving Dynamic Programming with Matrix Exponentiation.

• Questions on

- A2oj

Miscellaneous

• Mo's Algorithm - Blog Post By Anudeep Nekkanti

- Hackerearth

- DQUERY on Spoj

- FREQUENT on Spoj

• Persistant Segment Trees - Blog Post By Anudeep Nekkanti - MKTHNUM on Spoj

• Mobius Function - Dance With Mobius Function by Surya Kiran

• Treaps - Codeforces

- Wikipedia

- TREAP on Spoj

• Bit Manipulation

  • Hackerearth — Tutorial on Bit Manipulation by Prateek Garg.
  • Hackerrank — Questions On Hackerrank on bit manipulation.

• Other Resources - Data Structures — A guide to high level data structures by PrinceOfPersia

Prefix and Suffix Trees

--- Tries are some kind of rooted trees in which each edge has a character on it.

• Theory

- Wikipedia — Introduction to Tries.

- Marknelson — Tutorial on prefix and suffix trees by Sartaj Sahni

- Marknelson — Suffix Trees Explained.

• Questions on

- Codechef

- Another problem on Codechef

- A2oj

Segment Trees

--- Segment tree is a tree for which each node represents an interval.

• Theory

  • Hackerearth — Segment trees for Beginners by Ayush Agrawal.

- Codeforces — Everything about Segment trees by PrinceOfPersia

- [Lazy Propogation](http://se7so.blogspot.in/2012/12/segment-trees-and-lazy-propagation.html) — Solving problems related to updation of segment tree in logrithmic time (also known as lazy propogation).

• Questions on

- Codechef

- A2oj

Trees

--- A tree is a data structure made up of nodes or vertices and edges without having any cycle.

• Theory

- Hackerearth — Baisc introduction to trees and terminologies related to it by Anuj Garg

- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(data_structure)) — Tree (data structure)

• Questions on

- Hackerrank

- Codechef

- A2oj

- Codeforces