Adiv2
To solve the problem one could just store two arrays hused[j] and vused[j] sized n and filled with false initially. Then process intersections one by one from 1 to n, and if for i-th intersections both hused[hi] and vused[vi] are false, add i to answer and set both hused[hi] and vused[vi] with true meaning that hi-th horizontal and vi-th vertical roads are now asphalted, and skip asphalting the intersection roads otherwise.
Such solution has O(n2) complexity.
Bdiv2
It is always optimal to pass all the computers in the row, starting from 1-st to n-th, then from n-th to first, then again from first to n-th, etc. and collecting the information parts as possible, while not all of them are collected.
Such way gives robot maximal use of every direction change. O(n2) solution using this approach must have been passed system tests.
Adiv1
Let the answer be a1 ≤ a2 ≤ ... ≤ an. We will use the fact that gcd(ai, aj) ≤ amin(i, j).
It is true that gcd(an, an) = an ≥ ai ≥ gcd(ai, aj) for every 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n. That means that an is equal to maximum element in the table. Let set an to maximal element in the table and delete it from table elements set. We've deleted gcd(an, an), so the set now contains all gcd(ai, aj), for every 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n and 1 ≤ min(i, j) ≤ n - 1.
By the last two inequalities gcd(ai, aj) ≤ amin(i, j) ≤ an - 1 = gcd(an - 1, an - 1). As soon as set contains gcd(an - 1, an - 1), the maximum element in current element set is equal to an - 1. As far as we already know an, let's delete the gcd(an - 1, an - 1), gcd(an - 1, an), gcd(an, an - 1) from the element set. Now set contains all the gcd(ai, aj), for every 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n and 1 ≤ min(i, j) ≤ n - 2.
We're repeating that operation for every k from n - 2 to 1, setting ak to maximum element in the set and deleting the gcd(ak, ak), gcd(ai, ak), gcd(ak, ai) for every k < i ≤ n from the set.
One could prove correctness of this algorithm by mathematical induction. For performing deleting and getting maximum element operations one could use multiset or map structure, so solution has complexity .